Specialty Category
Surgical procedures in proctology are advanced treatment options used to manage moderate to severe anorectal conditions that do not respond to medical or minimally invasive therapies. These procedures are performed to correct structural problems, remove diseased tissue, and provide long-term relief from symptoms.
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Hemorrhoidectomy is a surgical procedure used to remove severe or advanced hemorrhoids (piles) that do not respond to non-surgical treatments. It is commonly recommended for large, prolapsed, or recurrent hemorrhoids that cause significant pain, bleeding, or discomfort. During the procedure, the surgeon carefully excises the hemorrhoidal tissue while preserving the surrounding healthy tissue. The surgery is performed under anesthesia, and the removed area is either left open to heal naturally or closed with sutures, depending on the technique used.
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Fissurectomy is a surgical procedure used to treat a chronic anal fissure , which is a long-standing tear in the lining of the anal canal that causes pain, bleeding, and difficulty during bowel movements. In this procedure, the surgeon removes the fibrotic or scarred edges of the fissure along with unhealthy tissue, allowing fresh healthy tissue to heal properly. In some cases, fissurectomy may be combined with other procedures such as lateral internal sphincterotomy to improve healing and reduce sphincter spasm.
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Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy (LIS) is a surgical procedure used to treat chronic anal fissures , which are small tears in the lining of the anal canal that cause pain and bleeding during bowel movements. The condition often occurs due to increased pressure in the internal anal sphincter muscle. In this procedure, a small controlled cut is made in a portion of the internal anal sphincter muscle . This helps relax the muscle, reduce pressure, improve blood flow, and allow the fissure to heal naturally.
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Fistulotomy is a surgical procedure used to treat an anal fistula , which is an abnormal tunnel between the anal canal and the skin near the anus. In this procedure, the fistula tract is carefully opened along its entire length so that it can heal from the inside out. The surgeon identifies the fistula pathway, makes an incision over it, and lays it open to allow proper drainage and gradual healing. In many cases, this technique is preferred for simple fistulas because it has a high success rate and relatively low recurrence.
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Fistulectomy is a surgical procedure used to treat an anal fistula , which is an abnormal tunnel between the anal canal and the skin near the anus. In this procedure, the entire fistula tract is carefully removed (excised) to eliminate the infected channel completely. The surgery is performed under local, spinal, or general anesthesia depending on the complexity of the fistula. The surgeon identifies the tract, removes it entirely, and allows the wound to heal either by open healing or with suturing techniques.
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Seton placement is a minimally invasive procedure used in the treatment of anal fistulas , especially complex or recurrent cases. A seton is a soft surgical thread or elastic material that is placed through the fistula tract to help keep it open, allowing continuous drainage of infection while promoting gradual healing. The procedure helps reduce inflammation and prevents abscess formation by maintaining proper drainage of the fistula pathway. Over time, the seton may be tightened gradually (cutting seton) or left in place for long-term drainage (loose seton), depending on the type and severity of the fistula.
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Abscess drainage is a medical procedure used to treat a localized collection of pus (abscess) that forms due to infection in the skin or deeper tissues, commonly in the anorectal region. It is often required in conditions such as perianal abscess , which can cause severe pain, swelling, redness, and fever. During the procedure, the area is cleaned and numbed using local anesthesia. A small incision is made over the abscess to allow the pus to drain out completely. The cavity is then cleaned, and sometimes a small drain is placed to prevent re-accumulation of pus and promote proper healing.
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Pilonidal sinus surgery is a treatment procedure used to manage a pilonidal sinus , a small infected tract or cyst that forms near the top of the buttocks (near the tailbone). It usually contains hair, skin debris, and pus, and can cause pain, swelling, and recurrent infections. The surgery involves removing the infected sinus tract and any associated abscess to prevent recurrence. Depending on the severity, the procedure may be done through open excision, minimal excision, or flap techniques. In some cases, minimally invasive or laser-assisted methods may also be used.
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Rectal prolapse repair is a medical procedure used to treat rectal prolapse , a condition in which the rectum slips or protrudes out through the anus due to weakened pelvic floor muscles and supporting tissues. Treatment aims to reposition the rectum and strengthen its support to prevent recurrence. Depending on the severity, repair can be done through minimally invasive techniques or surgical approaches. In many cases, laparoscopic or perineal procedures are used to correct the prolapse, restore normal anatomy, and improve bowel function.
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